![]() IMac:tmp hs$ time pg_upgrade -d /data/db12/ \ Otherwise, it will fail.Īfter adapting the configuration files, we can run pg_upgrade: Basically, we need four pieces of information here: The old and the new data directory as well as the path of the old and the new binaries: Note that pg_upgrade is only going to work in case the encodings of the old and the new database instance match. You can now start the database server using: auth-local and -auth-host, the next time you run initdb. You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or Initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections Performing post-bootstrap initialization. Selecting dynamic shared memory implementation. The default text search configuration will be set to "simple". Initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "UTF-8" The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8". The database cluster will be initialized with locales This user must also own the server process. The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "hs". copy pg_hba.conf and pg_nf and adapt the new nf.To upgrade a database, three steps are needed: Test=# SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size('test')) ħ.4 GB are ready to be upgraded. This is a fairly small database, but it is already large enough so that users can feel the difference when doing the upgrade: Test=# CREATE TABLE a AS SELECT id AS a, id AS b, id AS c To show pg_upgrade in action, I have created a little sample database to demonstrate how things work in real life: If something goes wrong, you can always delete the new data directory and start from scratch. What is important to note here is that pg_upgrade is never destructive. “ pg_upgrade -link” therefore promises close to zero downtime. The amount of data is not a limiting factor anymore, because hard links can be created quickly. Instead of copying all the files, pg_upgrade will create hard links for those data files. However, if the new and the old data directory are on the same filesystem, there is a better option: “ pg_upgrade -link”. Depending on the amount of data, this can take quite a lot of time and cause serious downtime. It copies all the data files from the old directory to the new one. Pg_upgrade is here to do a binary upgrade. It follows that pg_dump/ pg_dumpall and restore are not the right tools to upgrade a large multi-terabyte database. The bigger your database is, the more time you will need to do the upgrade. If you dump and reload data, it might take a lot of time. ![]() pg_upgrade: Copy data on a binary level.Now let’s take a look at upgrades: if you want to move from PostgreSQL 9.6, 10, 13 or some other older version to PostgreSQL 15, an upgrade is needed. The following table contains a little summary: Tooling ![]() ![]() Simply restart all nodes in your PostgreSQL cluster and you are ready to go. The same is true if you are running a HA (high availability) cluster solution such as Patroni. ![]() The binary format does not change a quick restart is all you need. In that case, all you have to do is to install the new binaries and restart the database. The first scenario I want to shed some light on is updating within a major version of PostgreSQL: What does that mean? Suppose you want to move from PostgreSQL 15.0 to PostgreSQL 15.1. Blog post updated People keep asking: “What are the best ways to upgrade and update my PostgreSQL to the latest version?” This blog post covers how you can upgrade or update to the latest PostgreSQL release.īefore we get started, we have to make a distinction between two things: ![]()
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